Locomotive boiler



Jan. 13, 1931. EMERSON ET AL LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed June 8, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. S'

:4 TTORNEY.

Jan. 13, 1931'. G. H. EMERSON ET AL 1,789,037

LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed June 8, 1928 6 Sheets Shee t 2 X I I INVENTORr wbzaawu ,gw

A TTORNE Y.

.lan.'l3, 1931. G. H. EMERSON ET AL 1,789,037

' LOCOMOTIVE; BOILER I Filed June 8, ;92s es sheets-sheet 5 A TTORNE Y.

Jan. 13, 1931.

G. H. EMERSON ET-AL LOGOMOTIVE BOILER a Sheets-Sheei 4 Filed June 8, 1928 f INVENTQRr fiw M A TTORNE Y Jan. 13;"1931.

G. H. EMERSON ET AL LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed June 8. 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENQTOR 5 5r A TTORNE Y.

Jan. 13, 193l. G. H EMERSON ET AL LOCOMOTIVE BOILER e Sheets- Sheet 6 Filed June 8, 1928 A TTORNE Y.

Patented 13, 1931.

ED 's'r TES PATET OFFICE GEORGE H. EMERSON AND WILLIAM B. WHTT SITT, F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND LOCOMOTIVELBOILER Application filed June 8, 1928. Serial No. 283,813.

produce a barrel capable of safely carrying a steam pressure-as high as' 500 lbs. per lusquare inch because of the'impracticabllity of employing metal of essential thickness to.

give ,the necessary four factors as required order to enable'it to carry a pressure of 500 lbs. per square inch, metal of a thickness of 1 is required. Metal of thisthickness is not only very diflicult to roll or bend to form, but cannot be practically used because of its tendency to quickly crack longitudinallyunder theimposed strains. The making of a longitudinal joint with metal of this dimension which will .be steam tight at such high pressure is also practically impossible because of the difiiculty of driving rivets through a plurality of layers of material of this thickness.

One object of our invention is to provide a divided type of barrel generatorcomprising a group of drums serving as the .watercontaining and steam generating means, by means of which a generator is produced which is capableof rapidly and efiiciently generating and safely carrying a steam pressure of 500 lbs. per 'square inch or over, while at the same time admitting of the use of readily worked thin metal giving thenecessary safety factors and keeping t e weight of this part of the locomotive desirably low. Another object of our invention is to pro-.

vide a novelconstruction' of water-tube firebox generator whereby a generator of maximum strength is produced and whereby a more efiicient circulation of water and steam is obtained and-the available heat utilized to greater advantage .for rapid steam gen struction, combination and arrangement of parts, claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, a sectional side elevation of the fire-box portion and a part of the barrel portion, and aside elevation of the remainderof the barrel portion and the smoke-box portlon, of a locomo tive embodying, our invention, unessential parts being omitted, the line mm indicating 'theplaneofdivision between the two days. by the Interstate Commerce Commission for .locomotive boilers in interstate service.

' 15 For example, if a barrel of 80 is used in Figure 3 is aview from the rear, looking forwardly, 'ofthe fire-box portion of the boiler as viewed'on oneside ofits vertical center.

Figure 4 is avertical transverse section, looking-forwardly, through the rear part of the fire-box portion ofthe boiler on the opposite'side of its vertical center. 7

Figure 5 is-a, vertical transverse section on opposite sides of'the vertical center. of the barrel portion of the boiler and of the smoke-box portion thereof, the latter taken on the plane indicated by line 55 of Figure 2. v

Figure .6 is a similar-view through the barrel portion of the boiler on the opposite side of its transverse center taken ,on the plane indicated by line 6-6'of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a vertical transversesection through one side of the smoke-box portion .of the boiler taken on the plane indicated by line 77 of Figure 2.-

Figure 8 is a top plan view of the hollow fire-box frame.

I Figure 9 is a side elevation thereof.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, A, B and C, respectively, designate the fire-box, barreland smoke-box portions of the locomotive, said portions being enclosed by outer shells A, B and C of suitable construction. The fire-box portion A includes the rear portions of a pair of longitudinall extending upper drums 1 and 2, upper hea ers 3 and 4 arranged parallel with and on the outer sides of said drums and between the sam'e and the shell A, and a hollow bottom frame member 5 of the outline form of .a rectangular ring or loop, the

hereinafter fully described and,

-tions of the circulating system. All the lower headers 6 an portions of which ovide frontand rear 57 andsid headers 8 and 9. The headers 3 and 4 and the frame member 5 are preferably castings of rectangular cross-section, but they'may be other wise made and of other cross-sectional form. As shown, the drums 1 and 2 are connected headers 3 a'nd 4 by sets of water tubes 11 and 12, while the headers 6 and 7 are connected with the drums 1 and 2 by. sets of water tubes 13 and 14. Each 'set of water tubes 11 and 12 comprises two or more rows of staggered tubes arranged closely together,

while each set of tubes 13 and 14'consists of two groups of tubes equal in number to each other and connecting the headers 6 and? on opposite sides of the longitudinal center of the boiler with the respective drums 1 and 2. The tubes 11, 12 and 14 are more'or less straight and extend more oriless directly between the parts which they connect, the tubes 14 leading vertically from the header 7 to the rear ends of the drums 1 and 2,so that such tubes 11, 12 and 14 provide.

more or less direct paths for the free and unrestricted flow of water fromthe bottom header to the top headers and drums. The

tubes 13 on the other hand extend from the header6 at an upward and rearward angleof inclination and connect at their rear ends with the drums 1 and 2 between the rear end of the fire-box and its transverse'center.

These tubes 13 thus arch over the grate,

which may be enclosed and supported by the ".frame member 5, so that such tubes will be intensively heated by the combustion gases I and, by connecting the front header 6 with the rear POItlOIlS'Of the elevated drums, will serve to equalize the water and steam circu-' lation between thelowest and highest portubes are rolled at their ends into receiving plugs 15,. these openings permitting con-' openings in the headers and drumsand the headers are provided in theirwalls opposite those in which the holes are formed withopenings .normally closed 'byqremovable I venientrolling in of the tube ends, and convided' withla. head 18 having a manhole venient cleaning of the tubes byturbining or otherwise whenever required. The drums 1 and 2 extend the full-length of the firebox andbarrel with theirrear ends projecting through the back head 16 of the fire-boxv and their front ends projecting through the partition sheet 17 between the barrel and smoke-box. Each end of each drum is proclosed normally by amanhole plate or cover 19, on the removal'of which heads access to the drums is permitted foricleaning, repairs and other purposes.

Arranged within the barrel and cooperating with the drums'l and 2 to form the water containing an steam generating means within the barrel are drums 20, 21, 22, 23 and '24, the drums 20, 21 and 22 being disposed intermediately of the depth of the barrel and in transverse alinement and the drums 23 and 24 being disposed at the bottom of the barrel in vertical' alinement with the drums 1 and 2. The water containing and steam generating space ofthe'barreI is thus composed of or divided up into seven drums, but the invention is not necessarily limited to this particular number of drums. As shown, the top and bottomdrums and outer drum of the set of drumsateach side of the vertical center of the barrel are connected by nipples 25, and the top and bottom drums at each side of the vertical center of the barrel are also connected with the central drum of the intermediate.- set of drums by nipples 26, thus providing for an equalized flow of water and steam between all the drums. The front ends of the upper drums 1 and 2 are connected by branch pipes 27 to a dry pipe 28, through which-the steam generated by the fire-box and barrel generators is delivered to the saturated steam cham-' ber of the superheater header 29 arranged within the smoke-box, while the ear ends of the bottom drums 23 and 24 are connected by branch pipes 29 to a pipe 30 connected to the header 6 of the frame member-.5 for the supply of water from said drums to the fire-box steam generator.

The forward ends of the drums 20,21, 22,

23. and 24 are supported by and ope-n through the partition sheet 17 into the smoke-box, while the rear ends of said drums alin'e vertically with the header 6 of the frame member 5. I The ends of these drums 32 and through the drums 20, 21 and 22 extend -superheater flues 3 3, which tubes and -flues are suitably fitted in the heads 31.

The flues 33 receive the usual superheater units theends of which connect with the tween the same and therear ends. of the barrel. The side walls otthefire-box are formed by the tubes 11 and 12 and a'filling of firebrick 35 closing the spaces therebe-. tween and interposed between said tubes and the sides of the outer shell A, such fire for aare closed by flat heads or flue sheets 31.

Through all of said drums extend fire tubes d 4 by the drums 1 and 2, the headers 3 and 4 and a filling of firebrick 36 closing the spaces therebetween and resting thereon and supported additionally, if desired, by suitable stays between the drums and headers and between said drums and headers and the outer shell A. A firebrick lining for the backhead 16; forming therewith a protected back wall forthe fire-box, may also be provided,-which lining may rest upon the head- 'er 7 of the frame member 5 as a base support. As a result of this construction it will be seen that all the component part-s of the fire-box will be securely supported, tied and braced and a steam generator structure therein provided the elements of which are exposed at all sides to the heat of the bed of fuel and the combustion gases, and in which the flow of water andsteam to the parts of the generator is effectually equalized, so thateconomical and rapid steam generation'is ensured. By the provision of the hollow frame member 5 theinternal strength of the fire box is not onlygreatly increased, but, as this frame member serves as a water conductor supplying all the water tubes and the drums 1 and 2 with the feed water from the drums 23 and 25, an' even and regular supply of water to all the parts 'with the drums 1 and'2 at such an elevation that, even when the watenlevel-of the boiler as stated, resides-in thedivided orsectional construction of the barrel generator, in which the water containing and steam generating means comprises a series of communicating compartments, preferably in the formof cylindrical drum s, as shown, whereby the amount of water required to be carried therein for steam generation may be reduced and the sum total of water divided up into quantities more readily acted upon by the heat for rapid steam generation. At the same time by so constructing the generator of a plurality of drums, properly stayed and braced, metal of the usual thickness, may be used and a generator barrel for anysize of locomotive conveniently produced for the safegeneration and. carriage of steam at a pressureof 500 lbs. per square inch or over, which will meet all regulations and requirements without mar ing the barrel of undue or prohibitive weight.

Having thus described our invention, we claim a 1. In a locomotive fire-box steam generator, a pair of drums arranged at the top and on opposite sides of the longitudinal center of the fire-box, communicating front, rear and side headers at the bottom of the firebox,.upper headers arranged on the outer sides of the drums. andin communication therewith, a barrel into which the aforesaid drums extend, other drums arranged within thebarrel and having their rear ends overhanging the front'hea'der at the bottom of the'fire-box, water tubes at opposite sides of thel fire-box and'connecting the upper andlo'wer headers, water tubes connecting the rear lower header with the rear ends of the fi'rstnamed. drums, water tubes conne'cting the front lower header with the first named drums adjacent to the rear ends of the latter and in advance of the secondnamed water tubes, fire tubes in the secondnamed drums, and brickwork resting on the front header at the bottom of the firebox and enclosing the overlying portions of the drums and forming therewith the front wall of the fire-box. i

2. In a fire-box steam generator, drums arranged at the top and on opposite sides of the longitudinal center of the fire-box, communicating front, rear, and side headers at the bottom of the fire-box, upper headers arranged on the outer sides of the drums and in communication therewith, a barrel, other drums arranged in the barrel and having their rear ends overlying the front header at the bottom of the fire-box, sets of water tubes atthe sides of the fire box..and connecting-the'upper headers and bottom side headers, and sets of tubes leading from the front and rear bottom headers and connecting the same with the first-nameddrums, fire tubes in the second-named drums, and brickwork resting on the front header at the bottom'of the fire-box and enclosing the drums and forming with the drums the drums at the top of the fire-box, upper headers located on the outer sides of said drums, water tubes connecting the side headers of the frame'element with the upper header, water tubes connecting the front and rear headers of the frame element with the drums, a barrel into which the aforesaid ment,

.element and forming with t drums extend, other drums arranged within the barrel and having their rear ends overwith the front wall of the fire-box, and

steam delivery means leading from the uphanginfg' the front water leg of the frame elere tubes'in the latter-named drums, and brickwork resting on the front and side water legs of the frame element and forming with the drums and side rows'of watertubes the front and side walls of the fire-box.

4. In a locomotive fire-box generator, a hollow bottom frame member providing front, rearrand side water legs, a pair of drums at the top of the fire-box, upper headers located on the outer sides ,ofisaid drums, water tubes located on the outer sides of said drums, water tubes connecting the side headers of the frame element with.

the'upper header, water tubes connecting the front and rear headers of the frame element with the drums, a barrel into which the aforesaid drums extend, other drums arranged within the barrel and having their rear ends overhanging the front water leg of the frame element, fire tubes in the latternamed drums, brickwork resting on the side water legs and frontv water leg of the frame e drums and side water tubes the front and side walls of the fire-box, and brickwork at the top of the fire-box and forming with the upper drums and upper headers the top wallof the fire-box. V 5. In a locomotive, a fire-box', a barrel, said fire-box having a water tube steam'generator comprising front, rear and side bottom headers, a grate enclosed thereby, a

pair of upper drums extending longitudinally of the fire-box and barrel, upper water headers connected with said drums, water tubes connecting the lower headers with the upper headers, and front and rear sets- 0f water tubes, the former arching over the grate, connecting the front and rear headers with the rear ends of the drums at spaced 1ntervals transversely of the fire-box, and the barrel having a steamgenerator comprising the forward portions-of the aforesaid drums and a plurality of underlying drums, the lowest drums in the barrel being in water communication with the front header of the fire-box generator. v t

6 A locomotive havinga fire-box, a bar rel, upper drums extending longitudinally of w the fire-box and barrel, means, within the generator,

fire-box and including a water container having a horizontaltransverse water leg coactingwith the portions of the upper drums therein to form a water-tubeifire-box steam lower and intermediate drums within the barrel and having their rear. ends overhanging said water leg, said drums forming with the portions of the up er drums therein a steam generator, fire tu es in the drums in the barrel a water flow connection between the lower drums of the barrel generator and the bottom of the fire-box restin generator, firebrick resting on said water leg and enclosing the drums andforming thereper drums.

7. A locomotive having a fire-box, a barrel, upper drums'extending longitudinally 'of both the fire-box and the barrel, a frame element at the base of the fire-box forming front, rear and side headers, upper headers within the fire-box alongside said drums, rows oftubes at the sides of the fire-box connecting the side headers of the'frame element with the upper headers, rows of water tubes connecting thefront and rear headers of' the frame element with the resting on the frame element and enclosing the drums and forming therewith the front wall of the firebox, and steam delivery 'means leading from theupper drums.

8. A locomotive having a fire-box, a barrel, upper drums extending longitudinally of the fire-box and barrel, a water tube generator Within the fire-box including a Water containing bottom'frame element and the upper drums, a plurality of drums within the barrel forming with said upper drums a generator in the barrel, said drums being in communication with said frame element and having their rear ends terminating above a portion'thereof, fire tubes in the latter-named drums, and a brickwork filling resting on said frame element and built about the drums and. forming a division wallbetween the fire-box and barrel.

9. vIn a locomotive, a fire-box, drums at the top of the fire-box, a header at the forward portion of the bottom of the fire-box, water tubes connecting said drums and header, a barrel into which the aforesaid drums extend, other drums arranged within the barrel and having their rear ends overhanging the said header, and brickwork on ,the 'header and enclosing the overlying portions of the drums and forming therewith thefront 'wall of the fire-box;

10. A locomotive havin a fire-box, a

barrel, drums arranged within the top of v the fire-box at each [side of the longitudinal centefithereof and extending into the barrel, communicating front, rear and side headers at the-bottom of the fire-box, water tubes in the fire-box connecting said drums and headers, bottom drums within the barrel on opposite sides of the longitudinal center thereof, central and side intermediate drums in the barrel, and How connections in the barrel between each top and bottom drum. and the central intermediate drum and between each top and bottom drum and the outer intermed ate drum at the same side-of the center of the barrel;

11. A locomotive having-a fire-box, a barrel, drums arranged within the top of the fire-box ateach side of the longitudinal I center thereof and extending intothe barre1,? communicating front, rear and side headers at the bottom of the fire-box, water tubes in the fire-box connecting said drums and headers, bottom drums within the barrel on opposite sides of the longitudinal center thereof, central and side' intermediate drums in the barrel, flow connections in the barrel between each top and bottom drum and the central intermediate drum and between'each top and bottom drum and the I outer intermediate drum at the same side of the center of the barrel, fire tubes in the 'second-nameddrums, andbrickwork resting on the ,front header at the bottom of the fire-box and enclosing the overlying por-. tions of the drums and forming therewith the front wall of the fire-box. In testimony whereof we afiix our signs. tures.. Y

GEORGE H. EMERSON. ,WILLIAM' -B. WHITSITT. 

